LEDs are the most basic kind of display. But the problem is One LED has only two states, On state and Off state. So it can not give more than two outputs. If we need more than two outputs what option do we have?
We can use multiple LEDs to make a display. So eight LEDs are combined together to make a display that can show 0-9 and Dot point. To display a digit maximum of seven segments consists of seven LEDs are used. Hence the name came Seven Segment Display. Eight LEDs can be connected in two ways either we could common all of their positive together or the negative together. This is why we have two types of seven-segment displays. Common cathode and common anode. A typical structure and connection diagram of the 7-Segment display is shown below. 0-9 is not enough to display right? What if we need to display characters, symbols, or images?
Dot Matrix displays are the solutions. Multiple LEDs are connected together to form an array. They are connected row-wise cathode and column-wise anode or vice-versa. Now with this formation, we can easily display anything we want. If we use RGB LEDs then displaying colored images also possible. A typical connection diagram and image of the dot matrix display are shown below.
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